Computer software is the combination of programs and applications that interface with the physical components of the computer, the hardware, to enable the user to perform specific functions and tasks. There are two basic types of software: system software, which is responsible for the computer’s basic functions, and application software, such as Word Processing programmed, which enables the user to perform actual specific tasks, e.g., typing.
An operating system is the software behind all system and application management; it is responsible for organizing and controlling how each system interfaces with each other (basically ensuring the smooth running of every program), for example, allocating the appropriate amount of memory following which programs are running and require more power and input. Examples of operating systems are Linux and Microsoft Windows, which monopolize the computer market for such systems.
Computers are empty shells of little or no use without an operating system. They will typically run their application software; for example, Microsoft Windows has packages such as Microsoft Office, which deals with word processing, publishing, presentation slides, databases, etc. Modern computers can run several applications simultaneously without crashing and becoming slow, depending on the power and capabilities of the operating system.
Software is constantly being updated, and new versions are being released, so much so that current systems can become outdated within months. It is a very fast-moving and fast-evolving industry area. Microsoft has just released its latest operating system to follow on from the roaring success of Windows XP and Vista. Packages available include Home Basic,
Home Premium, Ultimate, and Business. This service package’s main improvements and selling points include state-of-the-art user interfaces (Aero – Authentic, Energetic, Reflective, and Open), easier transfer of media between devices and computers, better security (virus protection, etc.), and new multimedia programming. For example, Windows Media Player 11 is included in the package. It has undergone a major revamp, including user interfacing, new search capabilities, and the facility to hook up with external devices such as the Xbox 360.
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However, many consumers are fully aware of Microsoft’s dominance in the computer industry and, in particular, the software market and are reluctant to shell out for the new program where many of the new features are seen as luxuries rather than necessities, and on top of that Vista cannot be installed on any machine – brand new machines must be purchased with the system already built-in. So potential customers will have to buy a whole new PC setup just to be able to use Microsoft Vista – not a popular choice amongst
Consumers in an industry with further improvements and new, better software waiting just around the corner. An advantage gained then, for rival Linux, whose most software CDs and packages can be accessed for free, is much more complex and less user-friendly than Microsoft and their Windows packages. Yet, it remains one of the most reliable and up-to-date operating systems.
